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Objective To understand the late detection of new HIV/AIDS cases in Changshu City from 2015 to 2019， and to provide scientific basis for AIDS prevention and control. Methods The newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Changshu City from 2015 to 2019 were collected through the “information system for integrated prevention and treatment of AIDS”. According to the criteria for late detection of HIV/AIDS， the influencing factors of late detection of HIV/AIDS were verified and the relevant epidemiological analysis was carried out. Results A total of 423 cases of HIV/AIDS were reported in Changshu City from 2015 to 2019， and the average incidence rate was 4.33/105. The overall incidence rate did not show a downward trend （χ2trend=3.543， P=0.060）. The incidence rate of males （7.35/105） was higher than that of females （0.93/105）. The trend of incidence rate in males was significantly decreased （χ2trend=6.264， P=0.012）， but it did not have a significant change in females （χ2trend=1.717， P=0.190）. The average annual HIV/AIDS late detection rate was 23.88% （101/423）， with the highest in 2015 （33.68%） and the lowest in 2017 （12.94%）.It showed a valley distribution pattern with first decline and then rise. The difference in HIV/AIDS late detection rate in recent five years was statistically significant （χ2=17.087， P=0.002）. At the end of the report， the proportion of male patients （89.11%） was higher than that of females （10.89%）， and nearly half （46.53%） of the patients were in elderly group aged 50 years old （46.53%）. Patients with local registered residence （58.42%） had higher late detection rate than those with foreign household registration （41.58）. Most the patients were junior high school educated （36.63%）， followed by primary school （26.73%） and senior high school （21.78%）. 68.32% of the patients were married and had a spouse. The top three occupations in patients were farmers （24.75%）， workers （24.75%） and business services （22.77%）， and the other occupations accounted for less than 10%. Most of the HIV positive samples were from other diseases （36.63%）， followed by testing consultation （29.70%） and preoperative testing （16.83%）. 77.23% of the late detection patients had no history of sexual diseases. Late detection in homosexuals （57.43%） were higher than that in heterosexuals （42.57%）. Conclusion The late detection rate of HIV/AIDS in Changshu City in recent five years showed a downward trend and then an upward trend. In the future， we should focus on the elderly， MSM， young students and other high-risk groups of HIV infection， strengthen health education and publicity， expand the scope of HIV testing， improve the ability of early detection， and effectively reduce the risk of HIV transmission.
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@#Objective To investigate the current status of occupational hazards and prevention and control of occupational ， - Methods ， diseases in micro small and medium sized manufacturing enterprises in Jiangxi Province. A total of 1 034 micro - small and medium sized manufacturing enterprises in Jiangxi Province were selected as the research subjects using a stratified cluster sampling method. The exposure of occupational hazards and the implementation of occupational hazards prevention and Results ， control measures were investigated. Among the 1 034 enterprises the small and micro enterprises accounted for ， 91.5%. The enterprises with serious occupational hazards were mainly concentrated in metallurgy building materials industry ， and machinery equipment and electrical appliance manufacturing industry. The exposure rate of occupational hazard factors in ， ， （ vs the categories of occupational hazard factors from high to low was physical factors dust and chemical factors 78.9% 52.8% vs ，P ） （ ）， ， 25.0% <0.01 . The exposure rate from high to low was metallurgy and building materials industry 60.8% machinery （ ）， ， equipment and electrical equipment manufacturing industry 42.9% light industry textile and tobacco processing industry （ ）， ， （ ）（P ） 32.0% chemical petrochemical and pharmaceutical industry 21.0% <0.01 . Noise exposure accounted for 98.3% in the workers exposed to physical factors. The implementation rate of prevention and control measures for occupational hazards ， in enterprises from high to low was the staffing of occupational health management personnel the establishment of ， ， occupational health management institutions the establishment of occupational health management systems the detection ， ， of occupational hazards the evaluation of the control effect of occupational hazards of construction projects and the - （ vs vs vs vs vs ，P ） pre evaluation of occupational hazards of construction projects 32.5% 25.7% 23.7% 16.2% 6.9% 4.2% <0.01 . Conclusion The focus of prevention and control of occupational hazards in manufacturing industry in Jiangxi Province is noise ， - and dust in small and micro metallurgy and building materials industry. Most of the micro small and medium sized manufacturing enterprises have not carried out the detection of occupational hazards and evaluation of occupational hazards in accordance with the law. The situation of occupational disease prevention and control is still challenging.
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@#Objective To investigate the current status of occupational hazards and prevention and control of occupational ， - Methods ， diseases in micro small and medium sized manufacturing enterprises in Jiangxi Province. A total of 1 034 micro - small and medium sized manufacturing enterprises in Jiangxi Province were selected as the research subjects using a stratified cluster sampling method. The exposure of occupational hazards and the implementation of occupational hazards prevention and Results ， control measures were investigated. Among the 1 034 enterprises the small and micro enterprises accounted for ， 91.5%. The enterprises with serious occupational hazards were mainly concentrated in metallurgy building materials industry ， and machinery equipment and electrical appliance manufacturing industry. The exposure rate of occupational hazard factors in ， ， （ vs the categories of occupational hazard factors from high to low was physical factors dust and chemical factors 78.9% 52.8% vs ，P ） （ ）， ， 25.0% <0.01 . The exposure rate from high to low was metallurgy and building materials industry 60.8% machinery （ ）， ， equipment and electrical equipment manufacturing industry 42.9% light industry textile and tobacco processing industry （ ）， ， （ ）（P ） 32.0% chemical petrochemical and pharmaceutical industry 21.0% <0.01 . Noise exposure accounted for 98.3% in the workers exposed to physical factors. The implementation rate of prevention and control measures for occupational hazards ， in enterprises from high to low was the staffing of occupational health management personnel the establishment of ， ， occupational health management institutions the establishment of occupational health management systems the detection ， ， of occupational hazards the evaluation of the control effect of occupational hazards of construction projects and the - （ vs vs vs vs vs ，P ） pre evaluation of occupational hazards of construction projects 32.5% 25.7% 23.7% 16.2% 6.9% 4.2% <0.01 . Conclusion The focus of prevention and control of occupational hazards in manufacturing industry in Jiangxi Province is noise ， - and dust in small and micro metallurgy and building materials industry. Most of the micro small and medium sized manufacturing enterprises have not carried out the detection of occupational hazards and evaluation of occupational hazards in accordance with the law. The situation of occupational disease prevention and control is still challenging.
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Objective:To analyze the current situation of public health management and public health services in public hospitals at the second level and above in Anhui Province, for references for the government to formulate relevant policies.Methods:A stratified whole-group random sampling method was used to investigate the current status of public health services provided by 55 public hospitals at the second level and above in Anhui Province. The contents of the questionnaire included the establishment of public health management departments, operation and public health services. Descriptive analysis was conducted for all data, and chi-square test was used for comparison between groups.Results:Of the 55 hospitals, only one tertiary hospital had a separate public health department, while the public health management works of the other hospitals were scattered among the hospital infection department, medical affairs department, preventive health department and so on. 32 hospitals putted the public health services into their performance appraisal. Among the public health services provided by hospitals, the management of infectious disease diagnosis and treatment presented the best performance, as 55 hospitals had established relevant management systems, processes, business training, infectious disease reporting and other information systems. Mental health service presented the poorest performance, as only 36 hospitals had established relevant management systems.Conclusions:The public health management and service level of public hospitals in Anhui Province needed to be further improved. The government authorities should strengthen their top-level design and coordinate the public health department setup and performance evaluation mechanism of public hospitals from the institutional level. On the other hand, the public hospitals should constantly optimize their content of public health services, complement the weaknesses, and effectively improve the level of public health services based on respective conditions of the hospitals.
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Objective@#To understand the intention of pediatricians turnover in Shenzhen and its influencing factors.@*Methods@#From September to December 2016, a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 948 pediatricians from Shenzhen to conduct a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire cover the following: 1. Basic information: general demographic characteristics(gender, age, marriage, education, etc.); 2. Work status survey: turnover intention, experiences with violence against medical workers, professional job satisfaction, and work stress, etc. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were used to identify factors for pediatrician′s turnover intention.@*Results@#Among the 948 pediatricians in Shenzhen, 62.5% had turnover intention; age, title, education, seniority, monthly income, medical institution nature, medical institution level, length of sleep, job satisfaction, work stress, experience with violence and family support all affect the pediatrician′s turnover intention(P<0.05); multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, education, monthly income, job satisfaction, work stress and experience with violence were the influencing factors of pediatrician′s turnover intention(P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#The pediatrician′s turnover intention in Shenzhen is not low. Relevant measures should be taken by the government, hospital administrators, children patients and their family to ensure the supply of children′s medical services.
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Objective To understand the intention of pediatricians turnover in Shenzhen and its influencing factors.Methods From September to December 2016,a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 948 pediatricians from Shenzhen to conduct a questionnaire survey.The questionnaire cover the following:1.Basic information:general demographic characteristics (gender,age,marriage,education,etc.);2.Work status survey:turnover intention,experiences with violence against medical workers,professional job satisfaction,and work stress,etc.Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were used to identify factors for pediatrician's turnover intention.Results Among the 948 pediatricians in Shenzhen,62.5％ had turnover intention;age,title,education,seniority,monthly income,medical institution nature,medical institution level,length of sleep,job satisfaction,work stress,experience with violence and family support all affect the pediatrician's turnover intention (P ＜ 0.05);multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age,education,monthly income,job satisfaction,work stress and experience with violence were the influencing factors of pediatrician's turnover intention (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The pediatrician's turnover intention in Shenzhen is not low.Relevant measures should be taken by the government,hospital administrators,children patients and their family to ensure the supply of children's medical services.
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To understand and master the distribution of risk factors of stroke in community residents aged 40 and above in Xiaogan city, to provide reference basis for the targeted development of stroke prevention and control. Methods Adopting the method of cluster sampling, 1780 community residents aged 40 or higher, using the unified " stroke risk groups and intervention project risk assessment chart" issued by the national health commission, a questionnaire survey was conducted to meet eligibility criteria, physical testing and laboratory examination. Results Of the 1 274 people who were assessed as high risk of stroke, 595 men, 679 women and 8 risk factors were among the top three of the patients with high blood pressure, obesity and blood lipids, 81. 5 percent, 61. 1 percent and 50. 2 percent respectively. The risk factors for ages 50～59 and 60～69 were more significant than those of other age groups. Conclusion The risk factors of high-risk groups were at a high level, and the distribution of risk factors was statistically significant (P＜0. 05). We should aim to make healthy education for high-risk groups in the community, actively control risk factors and reduce the incidence of stroke.
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Private Hospitals are lawful medical institutions which are responsible for their own management decisions,profits and losses.They aim at making profits but also pay much attention to the unification of social benefit and economic benefit.Taking the Shanghai Private Hospitals as an example,by data collection,questionnaire survey and interviews from general public and hospital administrators,it is concluded the overall development of Shanghai Private Hospitals is far from satisfaction.Private Hospitals must define their medical concepts and market orientation for long-term development,and strengthen the monitoring system and attain public′s trust for their healthy development.Since China has a huge demand for medical service,private hospitals will surely have a bright future as long as capturing the market and holding the faith of "serving for patients,and benefiting the society".